Table 1 Patient characteristics overall and stratified by age. Continuous variables are reported as medians and interquartile ranges and categorical variables are reported as counts and percentages. Standardized mean differences (SMD) were used to identify distributional imbalances between age groups with an SMD of >0.1 considered to be potentially meaningful
| Â | Age | Â | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variables | Overall | 0–18 | 19–30 | 31–40 | 41–65 | > 65 | SMD |
N | 7343 | 249 | 477 | 714 | 2641 | 3262 | Â |
Sex (Female) (%) | 4427 (60.3) | 124 (49.8) | 307 (74.4) | 484 (77.8) | 1747 (66.1) | 1765 (54.1) | 0.193 |
Age (Median [IQR]) | 62.00 [45, 77] | 12.00 [3, 16] | 26 [23, 29] | 36 [33, 38] | 54 [48, 60] | 79 [73, 86] | Â |
Immigrant (%) | 918 (12.5) | 0–6 (0.0–5.0) | 41 (8.6) | 115 (16.1) | 497 (18.8) | 263 (8.1) | 0.276 |
Geographic Location (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.139 |
 Central (Urban) | 2699 (36.8) | 84 (33.7) | 197 (41.3) | 295 (41.3) | 1037 (39.3) | 1086 (33.3) |  |
 North (Remote Rural) | 581 (7.9) | 20 (8.0) | 35 (7.3) | 55 (7.7) | 184 (7.0) | 287 (8.8) |  |
 South (Rural Urban) | 2007 (27.3) | 86 (34.5) | 126 (26.4) | 180 (25.2) | 700 (26.5) | 915 (28.1) |  |
 West (Rural Urban) | 2056 (28.0) | 59 (23.7) | 119 (24.9) | 184 (25.8) | 720 (27.3) | 974 (29.9) |  |
Income Quintile and Rurality (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.222 |
 1 (Lowest) | 1227 (16.7) | 23 (9.2) | 85 (17.8) | 127 (17.8) | 381 (14.4) | 611 (18.7) |  |
 2 | 1310 (17.8) | 36 (14.5) | 98 (20.5) | 133 (18.6) | 451 (17.1) | 592 (18.1) |  |
 3 | 1273 (17.3) | 53 (21.3) | 101 (21.2) | 138 (19.3) | 460 (17.4) | 521 (16.0) |  |
 4 | 1332 (18.1) | 49 (19.7) | 79 (16.6) | 136 (19.0) | 523 (19.8) | 545 (16.7) |  |
 5 (Highest) | 1427 (19.4) | 55 (22.1) | 76 (15.9) | 117 (16.4) | 563 (21.3) | 616 (18.9) |  |
 Rural (Yes) (%) | 758 (10.3) | 33 (13.3) | 37 (7.8) | 61 (8.5) | 258 (9.8) | 369 (11.3) |  |
 Missing | 16 (0.2) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.2) | 2 (0.3) | 5 (0.2) | 8 (0.2) |  |
Comorbidities (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Hypertension | 3441 (46.9) | 0–6 (0.0–5.0) | 11 (2.3) | 53 (7.4) | 832 (31.5) | 2545 (78.0) | 1.149 |
 Diabetes | 1623 (22.1) | 0–6 (0.0–5.0) | 7 (1.5) | 29 (4.1) | 417 (15.8) | 1170 (35.9) | 0.554 |
 COPD | 1396 (19.0) | 0–6 (0.0–5.0) | 0–6 (0.0–5.0) | 0–6 (0.0–5.0) | 363 (13.7) | 1031 (31.6) | 0.513 |
 Asthma | 1705 (23.2) | 50 (20.1) | 126 (26.4) | 196 (27.5) | 656 (24.8) | 677 (20.8) | 0.096 |
 Congestive Heart Failure | 725 (9.9) | 0–6 (0.0–5.0) | 0–6 (0.0–5.0) | 0–6 (0.0–5.0) | 75 (2.8) | 649 (19.9) | 0.348 |
Positive COVID- 19 PCR Test Pre PCC (%) | 2 [0, 4] | 1 [0, 2] | 1 [0, 3] | 2 [0, 4] | 2 [0, 4] | 2 [1, 4] | 0.207 |
Vaccination Pre PCC Diagnosis (Median [IQR]) | 3 [3, 5] | 2 [0, 2] | 3 [2, 3] | 3 [2, 4] | 3 [2, 4] | 4 [3, 5] | 0.859 |
Total PCC Codes (Median [IQR]) | 1 [1, 1] | 1 [1, 1] | 1 [1, 1] | 1 [1, 1] | 1 [1, 1] | 1 [1, 2] | 0.182 |
Post PCC Code, days (Median [IQR]) | 221 [110, 318] | 265 [141, 336] | 252 [138, 333] | 246 [134, 335] | 258 [134, 329] | 151 [89, 295] | 0.207 |
Pre PCC Code, days (Median [IQR]) | 1162 [1077, 1279] | 1132 [1063, 1258] | 1148 [1067, 1262] | 1153 [1065, 1265.75] | 1140 [1070, 1265] | 1206 [1089, 1293] | 0.132 |
Pre Pandemic, days (Median [IQR]) | 1186 [1186, 1186] | 1186 [1186, 1186] | 1186 [1186, 1186] | 1186 [1186, 1186] | 1186 [1186, 1186] | 1186 [1186, 1186] | < 0.01 |
Ontario Marginalization Index (%) | |||||||
 House and Dwellings |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.281 |
  1 (Lowest Marginalization) | 1289 (17.6) | 52 (20.9) | 85 (17.8) | 116 (16.2) | 546 (20.7) | 490 (15.0) |  |
  2 | 1327 (18.1) | 59 (23.7) | 85 (17.8) | 138 (19.3) | 504 (19.1) | 541 (16.6) |  |
  3 | 1331 (18.1) | 66 (26.5) | 76 (15.9) | 124 (17.4) | 485 (18.4) | 580 (17.8) |  |
  4 | 1423 (19.4) | 42 (16.9) | 88 (18.4) | 114 (16.0) | 514 (19.5) | 665 (20.4) |  |
  5 (Highest Marginalization) | 1923 (26.2) | 28 (11.2) | 140 (29.4) | 219 (30.7) | 573 (21.7) | 963 (29.5) |  |
 Material Resources |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.118 |
  1 (Lowest Marginalization) | 1624 (22.1) | 63 (25.3) | 112 (23.5) | 168 (23.5) | 595 (22.5) | 686 (21.0) |  |
  2 | 1658 (22.6) | 56 (22.5) | 104 (21.8) | 164 (23.0) | 633 (24.0) | 701 (21.5) |  |
  3 | 1484 (20.2) | 59 (23.7) | 90 (18.9) | 134 (18.8) | 547 (20.7) | 654 (20.0) |  |
  4 | 1236 (16.8) | 33 (13.3) | 82 (17.2) | 115 (16.1) | 437 (16.5) | 569 (17.4) |  |
  5 (Highest Marginalization) | 1291 (17.6) | 36 (14.5) | 86 (18.0) | 130 (18.2) | 410 (15.5) | 629 (19.3) |  |
 Age and Labour Force |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.345 |
  1 (Lowest Marginalization) | 1555 (21.2) | 76 (30.5) | 157 (32.9) | 227 (31.8) | 682 (25.8) | 413 (12.7) |  |
  2 | 1316 (17.9) | 48 (19.3) | 103 (21.6) | 152 (21.3) | 534 (20.2) | 479 (14.7) |  |
  3 | 1257 (17.1) | 45 (18.1) | 79 (16.6) | 123 (17.2) | 493 (18.7) | 517 (15.8) |  |
  4 | 1277 (17.4) | 33 (13.3) | 68 (14.3) | 123 (17.2) | 436 (16.5) | 617 (18.9) |  |
  5 (Highest Marginalization) | 1888 (25.7) | 45 (18.1) | 67 (14.0) | 86 (12.0) | 477 (18.1) | 1213 (37.2) |  |
 Racialized and Newcomer Populations |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.168 |
  1 (Lowest Marginalization) | 1160 (15.8) | 33 (13.3) | 62 (13.0) | 93 (13.0) | 373 (14.1) | 599 (18.4) |  |
  2 | 1468 (20.0) | 45 (18.1) | 75 (15.7) | 131 (18.3) | 503 (19.0) | 714 (21.9) |  |
  3 | 1502 (20.5) | 45 (18.1) | 88 (18.4) | 134 (18.8) | 556 (21.1) | 679 (20.8) |  |
  4 | 1587 (21.6) | 60 (24.1) | 106 (22.2) | 176 (24.6) | 572 (21.7) | 673 (20.6) |  |
  5 (Highest Marginalization) | 1576 (21.5) | 64 (25.7) | 143 (30.0) | 177 (24.8) | 618 (23.4) | 574 (17.6) |  |
 Missing | 50 (0.7) | 2 (0.7) | 3 (0.6) | 3 (0.4) | 19 (0.7) | 23 (0.7) |  |
Death (%) | 488 (6.6) | 0–6 (0.0–5.0) | 0–6 (0.0–5.0) | 0–6 (0.0–5.0) | 34 (1.3) | 452 (13.9) | 0.317 |